Navigation Styles for Multiplatform Apps

Demonstrate the use of a Sidebar, SplitView, TabView and Navigation styles in a multiplatform app.

NavigationView with List

The basic form of navigation using a NavigationView, List and NavigationLink is as follows:

import SwiftUI

struct ContentView: View {
    
    var colors: [Color] = [.red, .green, .blue, .yellow, .purple]
    
    var body: some View {
        NavigationView {
            List {
                ForEach(1...5, id: \.self) { val in
                    NavigationLink(destination: ViewLevel2(linkText: String(val), color: colors[val-1])) {
                        Text("Link\(val)")
                            .font(.largeTitle)
                            .foregroundColor(colors[val-1])
                            .padding()
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

struct ViewLevel2: View {
    
    var linkText = "Test"
    var color: Color = .black
    
    var body: some View {
        VStack {
            Text("ViewLevel2")
                .font(.largeTitle)
                .padding()
            
            Text("Text: \(linkText)")
                .font(.title)
                .foregroundColor(color)
        }
    }
}

The default behavior of NavigationView can be controlled using the .navigationViewStyle() modifier. You can specify either of:

StackNavigationViewStyle(), which displays only one view at a time
DoubleColumnNavigationViewStyle() which displays two views in “split view” arrangement

Note that SwiftUI does not have a direct equivalent of UIKit’s UISplitViewController. However, NavigationView allows you to achieve much the same thing.

NavigationView {
}
.navigationViewStyle(StackNavigationViewStyle())  // "Single View"


NavigationView {
}
.navigationViewStyle(DoubleColumnNavigationViewStyle())  // "Split View"

The appearance of the app for the various devices and orientations looks like this:

iOS Portrait (iPhone 12 Pro Max)

Default (StackNavigationViewStyle)	DoubleColumnNavigationViewStyle	StackNavigationViewStyle
	Same as default style	Same as default style

iOS Landscape (iPhone 12 Pro Max)

Default (DoubleColumnNavigationViewStyle)	DoubleColumnNavigationViewStyle	StackNavigationViewStyle
	Same as default style

iPadOS Portrait (iPad Pro 12.9″)

Default (DoubleColumnNavigationViewStyle)	DoubleColumnNavigationViewStyle	StackNavigationViewStyle
	Same as default style

iPadOS Landscape (iPad Pro 12.9″)

Default (DoubleColumnNavigationViewStyle)	DoubleColumnNavigationViewStyle	StackNavigationViewStyle
	Same as default style
Note button to hide navigation

macOS, tvOS, watchOS

macOS	tvOS	watchOS

Sidebar

Sidebars are an important part of UI design for larger devices (available for iOS, iPadOS and macOS). See https://developer.apple.com/design/human-interface-guidelines/ios/bars/sidebars/.

A sidebar can very easily be added by using the .listStyle(SidebarListStyle()) modifier on a List:

struct SidebarView: View {
    var body: some View {
        List {
            Label("What's New", systemImage: "wand.and.stars")
            Label("Messages", systemImage: "message")
            Label("List", systemImage: "list.bullet.rectangle")
            Section(header: Text("Personal")) {
                Label("Settings", systemImage: "gearshape")
                Label("Account", systemImage: "person.crop.circle")
                Section(header: Text("Very Personal SubMenu")) {
                    Label("Secret Stuff", systemImage: "text.badge.plus")
                    Label("Very Secret Stuff", systemImage: "lasso.sparkles")
                }
            }
        }
        .listStyle(SidebarListStyle())
        .navigationTitle("My Sidebar")
    }
}

You can add section headers to a sidebar so that disclosure indicators allow the user to collapse and expand sections.

We can make a few minimal changes to our app to get it to work with a sidebar. First, make SidebarView the startup view:

@main
struct SwiftUI_SplitViewNavDemoApp: App {
    var body: some Scene {
        WindowGroup {
//            ContentView()
            SidebarView()
        }
    }
}

Now we’ll modify SidebarView to define a NavigationView for the app. Notice also how we use a NavigationView to move to ListView:

struct SidebarView: View {
    var body: some View {
        NavigationView {
            List {
                NavigationLink(destination: Text("What's New")) {
                    Label("What's New", systemImage: "wand.and.stars")
                }
                
                NavigationLink(destination: Text("Messages")) {
                    Label("Messages", systemImage: "message")
                }
                
                NavigationLink(destination: ListView()) {
                    Label("List", systemImage: "list.bullet.rectangle")
                }

                Section(header: Text("Personal")) {
                    Label("Settings", systemImage: "gearshape")
                    Label("Account", systemImage: "person.crop.circle")
                    Section(header: Text("Very Personal SubMenu")) {
                        Label("Secret Stuff", systemImage: "text.badge.plus")
                        Label("Very Secret Stuff", systemImage: "lasso.sparkles")
                    }
                }
            }
            .listStyle(SidebarListStyle())
            .navigationTitle("My Sidebar")
        }
    }
}

struct ListView: View {
    
    var colors: [Color] = [.red, .green, .blue, .yellow, .purple]
    
    var body: some View {
        List {
            ForEach(1...5, id: \.self) { val in
                NavigationLink(destination: ViewLevel2(linkText: String(val), color: colors[val-1])) {
                    Text("Link\(val)")
                        .font(.largeTitle)
                        .foregroundColor(colors[val-1])
                        .padding()
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

All the navigation links in ListView have ViewLevel2 as their destination.

So, we logically have the following arrangement:

The appearance of our app with a sidebar looks like this:

iOS Portrait (iPhone 12 Pro Max)

iOS Landscape (iPhone 12 Pro Max)

iPadOS Portrait (iPad Pro 12.9″)

iPadOS Landscape (iPad Pro 12.9″)

Paged Navigation (TabView)

We can add a TabbedPageView to allow us to present a collection of pages (or tabs) to the user:

struct TabbedPageView: View {
    
    var body: some View {
        TabView {
            VStack {
                Text("Hello, world!").font(.largeTitle).padding()
                Image(systemName: "face.smiling.fill")
                    .resizable()
                    .frame(width: 150, height: 150)
                    .foregroundColor(.yellow)
            }
            .tabItem { Text("Tab1") }

            Text("Hello, world2!")
            .tabItem { Text("Tab2") }

            Text("Hello, world3!")
            .tabItem { Text("Tab3") }

            Text("Hello, world4!")
            .tabItem { Text("Tab4") }
        }
        .tabViewStyle(DefaultTabViewStyle())  // PageTabViewStyle() or DefaultTabViewStyle() to show tabs
        .indexViewStyle(PageIndexViewStyle(backgroundDisplayMode: .always))
    }
}

Pages:

Tabs:

Integrate this with our sidebar app as follows:

struct SidebarView: View {
    var body: some View {
        NavigationView {
            List {
                :
                NavigationLink(destination: TabbedPageView()) {
                    Label("Messages", systemImage: "message")
                }
                :

Running the app produces:

iOS Portrait (iPhone 12 Pro Max)

iOS Landscape (iPhone 12 Pro Max)

macOS

Note that TabView on macOS doesn’t support either .tabViewStyle(DefaultTabViewStyle()) or .indexViewStyle(PageIndexViewStyle(backgroundDisplayMode: .always)) so that only tabs are displayed:

GitHub

https://github.com/russell-archer/SwiftUI-SplitViewNavDemo